Political Participation in a Globalized World

Since the beginning of the Millennium, attention to globalization as well as transnational forms of political participation has grown. Economic globalization has been a main target for progressive social movements, which have held it responsible for changing material conditions, labor market dynamics, and increasing inequalities within and across nations. Cultural globalization has been instead targeted by regressive organizations that have mostly addressed the issue of migration. While some collective action frames have spread across countries, the forms and paths of internationalization of mobilizations have varied in time and for different actors, developing through paths of domestication, externalization, and transnationalization.