In the interwar period, German and Italian commercial life insurers developed complex strategies to expand their businesses. As democratic politics yielded to authoritarian rule, entrepreneurs sought political support to disrupt their industries' competition from alternative organizational forms such as mutual aid societies, firm pension funds, and social insurance schemes. These projects unfolded across the broader institutional ecosystems of insurance, which spanned the state, civil society, and the market. By the late 1930s, deep convergence between the life insurance sectors of both regimes is apparent. In Italy, a public firm within the Italian parastate, in Germany, the highly organized and hierarchical private insurance industry seized the window of opportunity created by fascist regimes to expand, coming to fit a particular niche created by economic constraints and fascist ideological notions common to both regimes. These expansions, and the social infrastructure created, have an ambiguous legacy in the savings and mixed welfare economies of both countries’ post-war periods.

Nel periodo tra le due guerre, le compagnie di assicurazione sulla vita commerciali tedesche e italiane svilupparono strategie complesse per espandere le proprie attività. Con il cedimento della politica democratica a regimi autoritari, gli imprenditori cercarono sostegno politico per contrastare la concorrenza dei loro settori da parte di forme organizzative alternative come le società di mutuo soccorso, i fondi pensione aziendali e i sistemi di previdenza sociale. Questi progetti si svilupparono nei più ampi ecosistemi istituzionali assicurativi, che abbracciavano lo Stato, la società civile e il mercato. Alla fine degli anni '30, si manifesta una profonda convergenza tra i settori delle assicurazioni sulla vita di entrambi i regimi. In Italia, un'impresa pubblica all'interno del parastato italiano, in Germania, l'industria assicurativa privata, altamente organizzata e gerarchica, colse l'opportunità creata dai regimi fascisti per espandersi, inserendosi in una nicchia specifica creata dai vincoli economici e dalle nozioni ideologiche fasciste comuni a entrambi i regimi. Queste espansioni, e l'infrastruttura sociale creata, hanno un'eredità ambigua nelle economie di risparmio e di welfare misto del dopoguerra di entrambi i paesi.

Underwriting Autarky : Life Insurance for the Masses in Interwar Italy and Germany / Hattemer, Derek John; relatore esterno: PAVAN, ILARIA; Scuola Normale Superiore, ciclo 36, 15-Apr-2026.

Underwriting Autarky : Life Insurance for the Masses in Interwar Italy and Germany

HATTEMER, Derek John
2026

Abstract

In the interwar period, German and Italian commercial life insurers developed complex strategies to expand their businesses. As democratic politics yielded to authoritarian rule, entrepreneurs sought political support to disrupt their industries' competition from alternative organizational forms such as mutual aid societies, firm pension funds, and social insurance schemes. These projects unfolded across the broader institutional ecosystems of insurance, which spanned the state, civil society, and the market. By the late 1930s, deep convergence between the life insurance sectors of both regimes is apparent. In Italy, a public firm within the Italian parastate, in Germany, the highly organized and hierarchical private insurance industry seized the window of opportunity created by fascist regimes to expand, coming to fit a particular niche created by economic constraints and fascist ideological notions common to both regimes. These expansions, and the social infrastructure created, have an ambiguous legacy in the savings and mixed welfare economies of both countries’ post-war periods.
15-apr-2026
Settore SECS-P/12 - Storia Economica
Storia
36
Fascism; Nazism; Life insurance
PAVAN, ILARIA
LENGWILER, MARTIN
BENIGNO, Francesco
Scuola Normale Superiore
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11384/166203
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