We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN\,2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered $\sim$ \oswcoverage\, of this \oswduration-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (\messierdist), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from \unit[50]{Hz} to \unit[2]{kHz} where we assume the gravitational-wave emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy \egwninty\, and luminosity \lumninty\, for a source emitting at \unit[82]{Hz}. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as \ellipninty, at frequencies above 1200 Hz, surpassing past results.

Search for gravitational waves emitted from SN 2023ixf

Losurdo, G.;
2025

Abstract

We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN\,2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered $\sim$ \oswcoverage\, of this \oswduration-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (\messierdist), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from \unit[50]{Hz} to \unit[2]{kHz} where we assume the gravitational-wave emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy \egwninty\, and luminosity \lumninty\, for a source emitting at \unit[82]{Hz}. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as \ellipninty, at frequencies above 1200 Hz, surpassing past results.
2025
Settore PHYS-01/A - Fisica sperimentale delle interazioni fondamentali e applicazioni
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Abac_2025_ApJ_985_183.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Published version
Licenza: Creative Commons
Dimensione 3.21 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
3.21 MB Adobe PDF

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11384/152547
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 2
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 4
  • OpenAlex 4
social impact