Generalized gluing for Einstein constraint equations

In this paper we construct a family of new (topologically distinct) solutions to the Einstein constraint equations by performing the generalized connected sum (or fiber sum) of two known compact m-dimensional constant mean curvature solutions (M_1,g_1, \Pi_1) and (M_2, g_2,\Pi_2) along a common isometrically embedded k-dimensional sub-manifold (K, g_K). Away from the gluing locus the metric and the second fundamental form of the new solutions can be chosen as close as desired to the ones of the original solutions. The proof is essentially based on the conformal method and the geometric construction produces a polyneck between M1 and M2 whose metric is modeled fiber-wise (i. e. along the slices of the normal fiber bundle of K) around a Schwarzschild metric. For these reasons the codimension n := m − k of K in M_1 and M_2 is required to be at least 3. In this sense our result is a generalization of the Isenberg–Mazzeo–Pollack gluing, which works for connected sum at points and in dimension 3. The solutions we obtain for the Einstein constraint equations can be used to produce new short time vacuum solutions of the Einstein system on a Lorentzian (m + 1)-dimensional manifold, as guaranteed by a well known result by Choquet-Bruhat.