Time-division multiplexing of cryogenic signals is a promising approach to reduce space requirements, shorten cooldown times, and increase the number of quantum devices measured per cooldown. We demonstrate time-division multiplexing of non-dissipative supercurrents using voltage-controlled hybrid superconducting demultiplexers. These chips integrate superconducting Josephson Field Effect Transistors including Al superconducting electrodes, proximitized semiconducting InAs channels, and hafnium oxide gate insulators. Each transistor fully suppresses the switching current and increases the resistance 20 times under a gate voltage of −4.5 V. A demultiplexer with one input and eight outputs showed a non-dissipative input range of ±2 μA, operating up to 100 MHz in signal frequency, and 100 kHz in switching frequency at 50 mK. It achieved near-zero insertion loss in the superconducting state and an ONOFF ratio of 17.5 dB. By optimizing the signal layout, the operation was extended up to 4 GHz using a demultiplexer with two outputs.

Supercurrent time division multiplexing with solid-state integrated hybrid superconducting electronics

Paghi, Alessandro
;
Borgongino, Laura;Strambini, Elia;Sorba, Lucia;Giazotto, Francesco
2025

Abstract

Time-division multiplexing of cryogenic signals is a promising approach to reduce space requirements, shorten cooldown times, and increase the number of quantum devices measured per cooldown. We demonstrate time-division multiplexing of non-dissipative supercurrents using voltage-controlled hybrid superconducting demultiplexers. These chips integrate superconducting Josephson Field Effect Transistors including Al superconducting electrodes, proximitized semiconducting InAs channels, and hafnium oxide gate insulators. Each transistor fully suppresses the switching current and increases the resistance 20 times under a gate voltage of −4.5 V. A demultiplexer with one input and eight outputs showed a non-dissipative input range of ±2 μA, operating up to 100 MHz in signal frequency, and 100 kHz in switching frequency at 50 mK. It achieved near-zero insertion loss in the superconducting state and an ONOFF ratio of 17.5 dB. By optimizing the signal layout, the operation was extended up to 4 GHz using a demultiplexer with two outputs.
2025
Settore PHYS-03/A - Fisica sperimentale della materia e applicazioni
   Gate Tuneable Superconducting Quantum Electronics.
   SuperGate
   European Commission
   Horizon 2020 Framework Programme - Research and Innovation action
   964398

   SuPErConducTing Radio-frequency switch for qUantuM technologies
   SPECTRUM
   European Commission
   Horizon Europe Framework Programme - HORIZON EIC Grants
   101057977

   National Quantum Science and Technology Institute
   MUR
   PNRR
   PE0000023
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
s41467-025-62931-3.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Published version
Licenza: Creative Commons
Dimensione 1.85 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.85 MB Adobe PDF

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11384/174104
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 2
  • Scopus 3
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 2
  • OpenAlex 7
social impact